{"id":175,"date":"2013-06-09T12:18:00","date_gmt":"2013-06-09T12:18:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ricardovicentelopez.com.ar\/?p=175"},"modified":"2015-03-21T14:04:45","modified_gmt":"2015-03-21T14:04:45","slug":"la-filosofia-no-sirve-para-nada-ix","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ricardovicentelopez.com.ar\/?p=175","title":{"rendered":"La filosof\u00eda \u201cno sirve para nada\u201d  IX"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings>  <o:AllowPNG\/> <\/o:OfficeDocumentSettings><\/xml><![endif]--><br \/><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument>  <w:View>Normal<\/w:View>  <w:Zoom>0<\/w:Zoom>  <w:TrackMoves\/>  <w:TrackFormatting\/>  <w:HyphenationZone>21<\/w:HyphenationZone>  <w:PunctuationKerning\/>  <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas\/>  <w:SaveIfXMLInval>false<\/w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>  <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false<\/w:IgnoreMixedContent>  <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false<\/w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>  <w:DoNotPromoteQF\/>  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<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"37\" Name=\"Bibliography\"\/>  <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"39\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"TOC Heading\"\/> <\/w:LatentStyles><\/xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]><![endif]--> <\/p>\n<div align=\"left\" style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-right: 7.0pt; text-align: left; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 0cm;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/null\" name=\"_GoBack\"><\/a><span style=\"font-family: &quot;Tahoma&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ansi-language: ES-AR; mso-fareast-language: ES;\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-right: 7pt; text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"ES\" style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-language: ES;\">&nbsp;Afrontemos ahora el problema que venimos analizando, desde otra \u00f3ptica. El t\u00e9rmino \u201cparadigma\u201d se origina en la palabra griega \u201cpar\u00e1deigma\u201d, que, a su vez, se divide en dos vocablos: par\u00e1 = \u2018junto\u2019 y de\u012bgma = \u2018ejemplo, modelo, patr\u00f3n\u2019. Originariamente, significa \u2018patr\u00f3n o modelo\u2019. En <i>Wikipedia<\/i>, encontramos esta definici\u00f3n:<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 3pt 7pt 3pt 1cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm;\"><span lang=\"ES\" style=\"font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 125%; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-language: ES;\">En t\u00e9rminos generales, se puede definir al t\u00e9rmino paradigma como la forma de visualizar e interpretar los m\u00faltiples conceptos, esquemas o modelos del comportamiento en todas las etapas de la humanidad en lo psicol\u00f3gico y filos\u00f3fico, que influyen en el desarrollo de las diferentes sociedades integradas e influenciadas por lo econ\u00f3mico, intelectual, tecnol\u00f3gico, cient\u00edfico, cultural, art\u00edstico y religioso que al ser aplicados pueden sufrir modificaciones o evoluciones seg\u00fan las situaciones para el beneficio de todos.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-right: 7pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 14.2pt;\"><span lang=\"ES\" style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-language: ES;\">El fil\u00f3sofo y cient\u00edfico Thomas Kuhn<a href=\"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/blogger.g?blogID=7693201245498174430#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\" style=\"mso-footnote-id: ftn1;\" title=\"\"><span><span style=\"mso-special-character: footnote;\"><span><span lang=\"ES\" style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 125%; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES;\">[1]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>(1922-1996) public\u00f3 <i>La estructura de las revoluciones cient\u00edficas<\/i> (1962),<span style=\"color: red;\"> <\/span>obra en la que otorg\u00f3 al concepto \u201cparadigma\u201d un significado m\u00e1s preciso, para referirse al conjunto de pr\u00e1cticas que definen una disciplina cient\u00edfica durante un per\u00edodo espec\u00edfico. Las caracter\u00edsticas que exig\u00eda fueron: a.- lo que se debe observar y escrutar; b.- el tipo de interrogantes que se supone hay que formular para hallar respuestas en relaci\u00f3n al objetivo; c.- c\u00f3mo deben estructurarse estos interrogantes; y, d.- c\u00f3mo <span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">&nbsp;<\/span>deben interpretarse los resultados de la investigaci\u00f3n cient\u00edfica. Si bien este esquema est\u00e1 pensado para la <span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">&nbsp;<\/span>actividad cient\u00edfica, podemos tomarlo para comprender c\u00f3mo se estructura nuestra capacidad de conocer y entender, en una cultura como la occidental moderna, en la que la ciencia es un <i>modelo de acceso a la verdad<\/i>.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-right: 7pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 14.2pt;\"><span lang=\"ES\" style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-language: ES;\">La introducci\u00f3n nos sirve para ir al encuentro de un intelectual,<\/span><span lang=\"ES\" style=\"mso-fareast-language: ES;\"> Rigoberto Lanz<a href=\"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/blogger.g?blogID=7693201245498174430#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\" style=\"mso-footnote-id: ftn2;\" title=\"\"><sup><span style=\"mso-special-character: footnote;\"><sup><span lang=\"ES\" style=\"font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 125%; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES;\">[2]<\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/sup><\/a>(1945-2013),<span style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;\">que ha investigado el tema y ha escrito un texto en el cual aborda la incidencia del paradigma en la formaci\u00f3n del intelecto. Bajo el t\u00edtulo <i>El arte de pensar sin paradigmas<\/i><\/span><i>. <\/i><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\">La educaci\u00f3n en el banquillo,<\/i> analiza con profundidad este problema: <\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 3pt 7pt 3pt 1cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm;\"><span lang=\"ES\" style=\"font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 125%; mso-fareast-language: ES;\">\u00bfEs posible <i>\u00abpensar sin paradigmas\u00bb<\/i>? \u00bfEs posible \u00abvivir sin paradigmas\u00bb? Tal vez este tipo de interrogaci\u00f3n pueda parecer un tanto ret\u00f3rica, pues la respuesta autom\u00e1tica deber\u00eda ser <i>\u00abNo\u00bb<\/i>. No, si se entiende paradigma como lo quiere Edgar Morin<a href=\"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/blogger.g?blogID=7693201245498174430#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\" style=\"mso-footnote-id: ftn3;\" title=\"\"><sup><span style=\"mso-special-character: footnote;\"><sup><span lang=\"ES\" style=\"font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 125%; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES;\">[3]<\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/sup><\/a>: <i>\u00abTodo supuesto respecto de la vida misma\u00bb<\/i>. Si paradigmas son los supuestos con los cuales pensamos, hablamos y nos comunicamos; si el lenguaje mismo es ya un supuesto, entonces, obviamente no se puede ni vivir, ni pensar sin paradigmas. Pero si paradigma no es solamente eso, como lo sugiere Morin, entonces la pregunta es menos ret\u00f3rica. Y si ya nos situamos en este comienzo del siglo XXI, unos de los rasgos m\u00e1s distintivos de la \u00e9poca que nos toca vivir es que, en efecto, ciertos paradigmas ya no sirven para pensar, ciertos paradigmas que nos acompa\u00f1aron durante largas d\u00e9cadas, siglos incluso, ya no est\u00e1n en condiciones de pensar el mundo, ya no sirven para explicar el mundo, para guiar nuestras conductas en el mundo en que estamos. <\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-right: 7pt; text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"ES\" style=\"mso-fareast-language: ES;\">Lanz nos desaf\u00eda a discernir el problema que representa la inadecuaci\u00f3n de las estructuras de pensamiento a trav\u00e9s de las cuales nos relacionamos con la realidad cotidiana, social, econ\u00f3mica, pol\u00edtica, cultural, etc\u00e9tera, dentro de la etapa que nos toca vivir. Las incongruencias que se nos cruzan en nuestras percepciones y reflexiones cotidianas generan un espacio de incertezas que debemos tener en cuenta para no quedar sumergidos en un mar de dudas que, a su vez, desestabiliza nuestra relaci\u00f3n con el entorno y con los otros. <\/span><\/div>\n<p><span lang=\"ES\" style=\"font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 125%; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES;\">Tener conciencia de que manejamos una concepci\u00f3n del mundo que nos devuelve com<\/span> <\/p>\n<div style=\"mso-element: footnote-list;\"><br clear=\"all\" \/> <\/p>\n<hr align=\"left\" size=\"1\" width=\"33%\" \/>\n<div style=\"mso-element: footnote;\">\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/blogger.g?blogID=7693201245498174430#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\" style=\"mso-footnote-id: ftn1;\" title=\"\"><span><span style=\"mso-special-character: footnote;\"><span><span style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 125%; mso-ansi-language: ES-AR; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES;\">[1]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> Doctorado en Filosof\u00eda y en F\u00edsica Te\u00f3rica por la Universidad de Harvard. Fue historiador y fil\u00f3sofo de la ciencia estadounidense y profesor de esa universidad y de las de Berkeley, Princeton y Massachusetts.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"mso-element: footnote;\">\n<div style=\"margin-right: 7.0pt; text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/blogger.g?blogID=7693201245498174430#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\" style=\"mso-footnote-id: ftn2;\" title=\"\"><span><span style=\"mso-special-character: footnote;\"><span><span style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 125%; mso-ansi-language: ES-AR; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES;\">[2]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> Soci\u00f3logo venezolano, mag\u00edster en Filosof\u00eda de la Ciencia y profesor titular de la Universidad Central de Venezuela. Investigador, escritor, ensayista, acad\u00e9mico, fundador del Centro de Investigaciones Postdoctorales de la Facultad de Ciencias Econ\u00f3micas y Sociales de la Universidad Central de Venezuela. <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"mso-element: footnote;\">\n<div style=\"margin-right: 7.0pt; text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/blogger.g?blogID=7693201245498174430#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\" style=\"mso-footnote-id: ftn3;\" title=\"\"><span><span style=\"mso-special-character: footnote;\"><span><span style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 125%; mso-ansi-language: ES-AR; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES;\">[3]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> Soci\u00f3logo y antrop\u00f3logo franc\u00e9s (1921). Estudioso de la crisis interna del individuo, ha abordado la comprensi\u00f3n del \u00abindividuo sociol\u00f3gico\u00bb, a trav\u00e9s de lo que \u00e9l llama una \u00abinvestigaci\u00f3n multidimensional\u00bb.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;Afrontemos ahora el problema que venimos analizando, desde otra \u00f3ptica. El t\u00e9rmino \u201cparadigma\u201d se origina en la palabra griega \u201cpar\u00e1deigma\u201d, que, a su vez, se divide en dos vocablos: par\u00e1 = \u2018junto\u2019 y de\u012bgma = \u2018ejemplo, modelo, patr\u00f3n\u2019. Originariamente, significa \u2018patr\u00f3n o modelo\u2019. En Wikipedia, encontramos esta definici\u00f3n: En t\u00e9rminos generales, se puede definir al [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-175","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sin-categoria"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ricardovicentelopez.com.ar\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/175","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ricardovicentelopez.com.ar\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ricardovicentelopez.com.ar\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ricardovicentelopez.com.ar\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ricardovicentelopez.com.ar\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=175"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ricardovicentelopez.com.ar\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/175\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ricardovicentelopez.com.ar\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=175"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ricardovicentelopez.com.ar\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=175"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ricardovicentelopez.com.ar\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=175"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}